Internet and Technology

Article by Steven Jiang

Beijing time on 20 September morning news, according to the American technology blog, Google AllThingsD reported in the local time on Monday to decide what they’re selling Ice Cream Sandwich (Sandwich) system application developers provides some technical advice. It is reported, the new Android operating system will ice-cream sandwich later this year with release. Google official blog Scott (director MaiEn st1 Main) said: “ice cream sandwich is releasing. Through the new system, mobile phone users can be installed in the Honeycomb after operation system applications.” MaiEn said that, while Google is not for new Android system release software development kit, but the developers already can take action to ensure that Honeycomb system application can in a smaller screen operation. For ice cream sandwich system, Google has not talked about in too much, I just said the new system can realize in the mobile Honeycomb system function. MaiEn said, Google has no intention of separation tablet computer and cell phone again the release of the system. In addition, MaiEn also wrote: “although at present the Honeycomb system only support a tablet computer, but the upcoming release of what they’re selling Sandwich will apply to all kinds of size of the device screen. This too is Android will insist on future development pattern: the same version system can be in various size of equipment operation”. Beijing time September 20 afternoon news, according to Taiwan’s “electronic times reported, acer Taiwan President LinXianLang (Lin), RenBao st1 President Chen ChenRuiCong (Ray also called for reducing Ultrabook) Intel processor to guarantee the machine notebook prices cost less than 1000 dollars. LinXianLang points out, Intel plans to Ultrabook notebook prices control under $ 1000, but if they still refused to grant the processor price subsidies, brands are likely to the low-end processors or reduce components configuration to meet demand, the price may be related to the performance of the system has greatly decreased, promote the will of the Ultrabook laptop manufacturers will weaken. ChenRuiCong said the current processor, Intel prices can’t be done its Ultrabook 40% market share targets. If Ultrabook sales not beautiful, and apple to keep high profits, so Wintel union needs to take other measures, or related IT companies may be far from them together. PC manufacturers news also pointed out that in the notebook costs, the processor and the proportion of the operating system, the second is the highest panel, solid-state hard disk and ultra-thin components. Due to the low rate, suppliers cannot reduce its component costs, but in order to maintain profit margin, manufacturers have to transfer to notebook ODM (original design manufacturer) manufacturers offer by 50% or more. But news that Intel doesn’t have it now as the processor prices provide subsidies signs

Ordinarily most personal computers run swiftly for some time. Nevertheless, as pc usage will increase, users notice a decrease in laptop or computer efficiency. This position is imagined to become brought about by some virus intrusion in to the laptop. On the other hand, in reality, the gradual pace of our methods is largely an internal computer system dilemma which might be dealt with effortlessly by executing straightforward however helpful computer maintenance actions. If your pc is gradual then you definitely ought to verify internal errors in Windows including the registry corruption. On top of that you must allow it to be sure you might have cleared technique and browser junk. In the event you desire to learn why is personal computer so slow and the way its speed could be improved then study the handful of factors described in this write-up.

Here would be the points which are already found incredibly effective to improve laptop pace:

1 — Clear System Junk: Windows comprises of a whole lot of program recordsdata and it accumulates big level of data. A large portion of that info is useless and corrupted. But if your computer system is slow then this junk may be primary lead to of it. Removing computer trash by way of an helpful COMPUTER optimization application is a should-do factor to speed up pc.

2 — Restore and Clear Windows Registry: The registry in Windows is really a hugely big data source. It contains details about every one of the laptop or computer plans. Most from the internal pc errors for example Windows errors and crashes are linked to your corruption in registry. The Microsoft on its world-wide-web website mentions that accumulation of undesired and invalid registry data can end result in decreased laptop efficiency.

A handy software to repair and clean Windows registry is recommended by COMPUTER SYSTEM professionals but if your laptop or computer is working gradual.

3 — Defrag Registry: The registry defragmenter reorganizes the data so that applications entry registry keys in an efficient and quickly manner. This is a proven strategy to increase laptop speed manifolds.

4 — Erase Browser junk: The browsers are an integral part of computing. It really is a fact that several personal computer software programs and programs need on the internet obtain. If browsers are doing your computer system gradual then it really is worthwhile to clear the browser junk.

Click Here to Speed Up Computer

Your Xp Operating System needs maintaining to keep it running to its maximum potential. Problems such as decreasing loading times, blue screen errors and errors messages can and probably will effect everyone’s computer at some point but what a lot of people don’t realise is these can be avoided and its not as hard as you might think.

How Can I Fix My Operating System Error?

You could attempt to fix Xp Operating System errors and maintain your system integrity manually. However, even a profesional would recognize the inefficiency and inaccuracy of this process which requires a vast amount of time. It would require you to maintain various aspects of the computer operating system, including the regsitry, protecting against virus` and malware and the vast number of junk files which clutter the system.

For this you ideally would need software including;

Anti spyware and virus

Junk file software

Registry maintenance software

Online protection software

For an effective pc utility, these programs are the least you would require. However, some offer combinations of the above with many benefits as well.

It can be very difficult to keep your computer running at peak speeds. To do this you must clear out all of the junk files and folders from the system registry. If you manaully perform this action then you could run into problems. If you remove the wrong file or folder then you could corrupt other programs on your system. That’s why you should always either get a professional or use software.

Xp Operating System Error Software

One bundle online is from CheeseSoft, they offer a programme bundle which not only includes constant disk checker which keeps your hard drive and ram running to their maximum potential but also regularly scans your registry from minute errors which could result in damage to your system.

It includes as well as this secure un-instsall software to prevent many of these problems in the first place and advanced defrag software which is far superior than the windows equivalent.

Looking for a way to try and fix your XP operating system? Visit: Operating System Errors

Having duplicate files on your system can cause your computer to slow down and potential errors. Having a duplicate file cleaner could help.

Trying to fix operating system error messages? Visit: XP Operating System

Facing problem with operating system? Is it infected by viruses? Or is there any other issue? Wondering what could be the best way to bring back your computer to its usual state? Computer repair New York is perhaps the best solution for you. In this article we will discuss why this is the best solution for troubleshooting PC issues.

Computer repair New York offers remote tech support to the PC users for troubleshooting any and all types of computer issues. This mode of computer repair is now very popular among the computer users. No need to haul faulty computer to the repair shop or call up a technician to your home. The service is delivered via telephone and the Internet. So, the PC users can get their computer repaired even without moving it from their desk.

Services from computer repair New York are delivered round the clock. So, whenever you need the service just give the company a call. You will get instant response from the technician. Once you share your computers problem with them they will take remote access of your computer with your permission. Then the problems of your computer will be diagnosed and fixed.

To fix PC issues, Microsoft, Red Hat, and Apple certified experts are employed by the company. These technicians not only boast talent but they are also experienced in offering online computer repair support to the PC users. Regardless of your PC issues, you get support from them.

When it comes to services, it is wide and diverse. The company offers computer services for all types of PC issues. So, whether you need operating system support, virus removal support, PC set up support, Network and Internet support, Laptop repair support and more. In one word, if any problem crops up just give the service provider a call.

Remote computer support from computer repair New York is not only easily available but also affordably priced. This service provider has diverse service plans that are strategically designed to meet the requirements of the PC users. There are four tech support plans Monthly, Quarterly, Yearly and Per Incident Plan. According to your requirement you can pick any of the plans and enjoy smooth computing.

Are you thinking whether their services are secure or not? Well, the company uses encrypted software to access the computer remotely. And the details you share with the service provider are kept secret due to the interest of the service provider and the customer. So, you dont need to worry at all.

Considering the above mentioned benefits it is quite evident that computer repair New York is the ultimate choice for troubleshooting PC issues.

There are a number of mobile operating systems, but five major players have floated to the top, dominating a major chunk of the market. It used to be that people chose their phone only by their carrier and what brands they offered. Today many choose their phone based on the manufacturer and its operating systems features.

Symbian: 31% of all mobile phones run this open-source operating system, most of which are “feature phones,” otherwise known as dumb phones, as opposed to smartphones. Nokia is the largest shareholder and customer. Other brands whose phones run Symbian include Fujitsu, Samsung, Sharp, and Sony Ericsson.

Symbian’s worldwide market share has declined from over 50% in 2009 to about 30% in 2010. Last month, Nokia announced a partnership with Microsoft, which will replace Symbian OS with Windows’ operating system.

Windows Mobile 7: Less than 5% of all mobile phones run Windows Mobile 7, which took over where Windows Mobile left off.

This is a closed-source operating system that can be managed through Microsoft Exchange. Microsoft’s mobile industry market share has recently slipped quite a bit, leaving the future of Windows Mobile 7 uncertain.

BlackBerry RIM: BlackBerrys running this closed-source operating system make up 15% of all mobile phones. BlackBerry RIM began as an enterprise solution, and still is for the most part, but a consumer base has developed. Businesses like BlackBerry RIM because enhanced end-to-end encryption is standard with BlackBerry Enterprise Server. BlackBerry RIM meets the Department of Defense’s requirements, and it’s good enough for the President.

This system supports over 15,000 applications, and over two million are downloaded daily.

Apple iOS: 16% of all mobile devices are iPhones or iPads running Apple iOS. This is a closed-source operating system. Currently, Apple iOS supports over 400,000 applications, including third party applications as of July 2008, which have been downloaded over 10 billion times.

Google Android: 33% of all phones run Google Android, an open-source, Linux-derived operating system backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers that form the Open Handset Alliance. (Intel, HTC, ARM, Samsung, Motorola, and eBay, to name a few.) Google operates the official Android Market, which contains over 150,000 applications, with an estimated 3.7 billion downloads.

In summary, I’ve had plenty of Symbian-based phones, but at this point, I’ll may never have one again mainly because they are more feature than smart. I’ve never had the type of job that requires a BlackBerry. Many love the Android operating system, and though it has its detractors, I do love Google and may consider Android. But for now, I’m still in awe of my iPhone.

Robert Siciliano is a personal security expert contributor to Just Ask Gemalto.

Introduction
Google, the world’s premier Search Engine Company have announced the development of a new operating system labeled Google Chrome.

The company unveiled plans to develop the new system on the 7th of July. Google has now officially made clear their intentions of directly competing with Microsoft in the Operating System market.

Chrome is listed as being a Linux derivative and will be free to use. It will first be launched with netbooks, with a mid-2010 release schedule.

Manufacturers working with Google include:

Acer
Adobe
ASUS
Freescale
Hewlett-Packard
Lenovo
Qualcomm
Texas Instruments
Toshiba

The graphical design is based on the Google Chrome browser, launched 9 months ago, and is being developed as a lightweight operating system with the Internet as its primary priority.

Chrome is focused on consumers who place a lot of emphasis on using the Internet.

Security & Privacy
Google has claimed that the security built into Chrome will shift from the dependence upon Security updates, and that Chrome users won’t have to deal with virus and malware infections.

They claim that it will just work!

Their bold claims however remain to be seen. It’s foreseeable that for the time being no computer system can be completely impervious to security problems.

Some individuals have also questioned their privacy and the protection of personal information by Google. We should bear in mind, however, that similar concerns have been raised about other companies that operate in this field.

A Brief History of Google
The Google Search Engine was started in 1996 as a research project by Larry Page, latterly joined by Sergey Brin.

Together they devised an algorithm with which to rank websites according to relevancy in Internet searches.

In 2000, the advertising product AdWords was launched. AdWords enabled businesses to purchase keywords for small adverts which could be placed alongside search results.

2004 saw the birth of Google Earth, the result of an acquisition of Keyhole, Inc who pioneered the initial software.

In 2006 Google bought online video repository YouTube.

Since it’s small beginnings Google have continued to offer more services, like iGoogle, GMail, Google News, Talk!, Picasa, AdSense and many more products.

FAQ’s
Q. What is Google Chrome Browser?
A. Chrome Browser is Google’s answer to competing web browsers such as Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and Opera.

Q. What is Linux?
A. Linux was developed to be a free alternative to the once widely used commercial UNIX operating system, and is now also competing with Microsoft. In 1991, Linus Torvalds began work on the Linux Kernel (The ‘brain’ of a computer’s control software).

Q. What are Netbooks?
A. A netbook is a low-cost type of laptop computer designed mainly for wireless communication and access to the Internet.

Conclusion
Expect to hear more news about the development of Chrome OS later this year, we’re waiting with anticipation to see what Google’s’ offering will bring.

Operating System – The Soul for Hardware’s

Operating System is Software which governs the operation of the hardware. A typical computer consists of CPU (Central Processing Unit), IO (Input / Output) Devices, Storage, Memory etc., to interconnect all these things we need a controller. Operating System exactly does the job of the controller. A bare hardware does not function on its own. It needs the help of the Operating System for its each and every action.

Example:

We can compare the operating system with our soul. All of us have soul. Without the soul we all are dead like that operating system is the soul for the computer hardware. Our soul does a lot of internal functions but we are unaware of it. Likewise OS does a lot of internal functions in the computer hardware.

Functions of Operating System:

Like mentioned above Operating System does a lot of functions (internally) to maintain the computer systems stability. We can able to classify the functions into 4 categories.

Memory Management

Process Management

Device Management

File Management

(1) Memory Management:

Memory is one of the important parts as far as the computer is concerned. It is a temporary storage. The contents of the memory will be available as long as the power is switched on. When the power goes off the memory looses the contents available in it. Some people have the doubts regarding the difference between memory and storage. Memory is temporary whereas the storage is permanent. Storage retains its contents even though the power is switched off. OS performs the memory management by adopting various memory management algorithms. Its main objective is to manage multiple programs in the memory during their execution.

Example:

In the real time, black board can be regarded as a main memory. We can use chalk or marker to write contents in the black board. Once we are done, it can be erased and cleaned up, like the memory.

Paper can be regarded as storage. If we use ball point pen to write in the paper then the contents written in the paper remains for a long while. It is one of the real time examples for the storage.

(2) Process Management:

The central processing unit is the most important part of the computer. It is like a traffic controller. The control of the whole system is done with the help of CPU. The major function of the operating system is to maintain and manage central processing unit. OS uses various algorithms like LRU, FIFO to manage processes.

Example:

We can take traffic controller standing in a traffic signal as a good example for Process Management. The job of the traffic controller is to process all the traffic without any traffic jam or accident. Likewise the job of the process management is to process all the processes without any collision or deadlock.

(3) Device Management:

Device Management deals with Hard Disk which is the main storage as far as computer systems are concerned. In this the operating system plays a vital role in storing, manipulating, retrieving data from the Hard Disk. All these are attained by Operating System by using various Disk Scheduling Algorithms.

Example:

We can take store keeper in any normal stores as an example for Device Management. The job of the store keeper is to store the things which are given to him, whenever needed he picks up the things from where he kept and delivers to the customer. Likewise Device Management stores the data to the hard disk, and retrieves them as and when needed.

(4) File Management:

File Management deals with creating, manipulating, editing, modifying, deleting of files. Almost everybody who uses the computers for their work uses files. So it becomes one of the vital functions for Operating System to carry out these functions in an efficient and effective manner. The File Management does it effectively.

Example:

Take Clark or any Executives as example, their primary work will be to create and manipulate important files, Submit them to the high authorities as and when required. Likewise File Management manages files and returns to the user as and when needed. It uses several algorithms for storing and retrieving files from the storage.

All the functions which are mentioned above are core functions of an operating system, except these OS does many more functions. In a single word we can describe an Operating System as a “Supervisor” which supervises all the activities which occurs in any computer systems. Now a days Operating Systems are used in Robots, Cell Phones and many other areas. It delivers optimum service wherever it is used.

Part of the Microsoft features, System Restore is a way to save your computer if something awful happens to it. It allows you to roll back your system files, registry keys, installed programs and other components on your computer back to a time and date when things were not malfunctioning and going haywire. In many ways it is like time travel for your computer to return to a moment when it was not spinning out of control and shutting down.

Suppose you have a virus or some spy ware that is infecting your computer and you know that it got on your system just a week or two ago. Or suppose that your computer is miserably acting up for reasons you do not even understand. With System Restore, you can manually select a point of restoration by going to your control panel and choosing to System Restore. You choose a date to roll back to and then the computer will erase all files and components and installations and setting changes taking your computer back to that chosen date.

Your desktop might change if you changed it recently, all of your chosen settings will not be what they were. You can undo this restore if you wish and get everything back again.

System restore backs up your computer’s registry, the files in your Windows File Protection folder, and your local user profile. Also your COM+ and WMI databases are backed up and so is your IIS Metabase and all the specific file types that are monitored by Windows.

Your computer will be creating natural restore points so that a list will be drawn up for you as you use your computer normally. Whenever something goes wrong, you can choose from this list of restore points because your computer has compiled possible times when you installed or did something that could be causing the problems.

When you install anything at all using Windows Installer, or any other installers, System Restore will make it a restore point. If Windows Update installs new updates, another restore point is born. If you install any driver not signed by Windows Hardware Quality Labs, one will be made. Every 24 hours of computer use or every 24 calendar hours, the system will make a system checkpoint and this is only done if the system is idle.

Another restore point will be made if you have kept your computer off for more than 24 hours and then when you turn it on, one will appear. Finally, you can request for your computer to make a restore point anytime that you believe one ought to be necessary. Be aware, though, that each time a new restore point is created, an old one is booted out.

When you rollback your files, you might worry what all you could lose. With Windows Vista, you will not lose any personal files in My Documents. That is certain, so if you want to protect something then putting it in that folder will guarantee that it stays safe no matter when you restore your computer back to. Also, you can restore your system as long as you boot up normally or through safe mode. If your computer doesn’t boot up at all, you can’t do the restore at all and will have to try to use something else to restore your system.

You can have access to articles in Portuguese language from page Articles

Roberto Sedycias works as IT consultant for Polomercantil

Microsoft has put a new article on Windows online website covering the whole history of Windows operating system:

1975–1981: Microsoft boots up

It’s the 1970s. At work, we rely on typewriters. If we need to copy a document, we likely use a mimeograph or carbon paper. Few have heard of microcomputers, but two young computer enthusiasts, Bill Gates and Paul Allen, see that personal computing is a path to the future.

In 1975, Gates and Allen form a partnership called Microsoft. Like most start-ups, Microsoft begins small, but has a huge vision—a computer on every desktop and in every home. During the next years, Microsoft begins to change the ways we work.

The dawn of MS‑DOS

In June 1980, Gates and Allen hire Gates’ former Harvard classmate Steve Ballmer to help run the company. The next month, IBM approaches Microsoft about a project code-named “Chess.” In response, Microsoft focuses on a new operating system—the software that manages, or runs, the computer hardware and also serves to bridge the gap between the computer hardware and programs, such as a word processor. It’s the foundation on which computer programs can run. They name their new operating system “MS‑DOS.”

When the IBM PC running MS‑DOS ships in 1981, it introduces a whole new language to the general public. Typing “C:” and various cryptic commands gradually becomes part of daily work. People discover the backslash (\) key.

Geek trivia: MS‑DOS stands for Microsoft Disk Operating System.

1982–1985: Introducing Windows 1.0

Microsoft works on the first version of a new operating system. Interface Manager is the code name and is considered as the final name, but Windows prevails because it best describes the boxes or computing “windows” that are fundamental to the new system. Windows is announced in 1983, but it takes a while to develop. Skeptics call it “vaporware.”

On November 20, 1985, two years after the initial announcement, Windows ships Windows 1.0. Now, rather than typing MS‑DOS commands, you just move a mouse to point and click your way through screens, or “windows.” Bill Gates says, “It is unique software designed for the serious PC user…”

There are drop-down menus, scroll bars, icons, and dialog boxes that make programs easier to learn and use. You’re able to switch among several programs without having to quit and restart each one. Windows 1.0 ships with several programs, including MS‑DOS file management, Paint, Windows Writer, Notepad, Calculator, and a calendar, card file, and clock to help you manage day-to-day activities. There’s even a game—Reversi.

Geek trivia: Remember floppy disks and kilobytes? Windows 1.0 requires a minimum of 256 kilobytes (KB), two double-sided floppy disk drives, and a graphics adapter card. A hard disk and 512 KB memory is recommended for running multiple programs or when using DOS 3.0 or higher.

1987–1992: Windows 2.0–2.11—More windows, more speed

On December 9, 1987 Microsoft releases Windows 2.0 with desktop icons and expanded memory. With improved graphics support, you can now overlap windows, control the screen layout, and use keyboard shortcuts to speed up your work. Some software developers write their first Windows–based programs for this release.

Windows 2.0 is designed for the Intel 286 processor. When the Intel 386 processor is released, Windows/386 soon follows to take advantage of its extended memory capabilities. Subsequent Windows releases continue to improve the speed, reliability, and usability of the PC.

In 1988, Microsoft becomes the world’s largest PC software company based on sales. Computers are starting to become a part of daily life for some office workers.

Geek trivia: Control Panel makes its first appearance in Windows 2.0.

1990–1994: Windows 3.0–Windows NT—Getting the graphics

On May 22, 1990, Microsoft announces Windows 3.0, followed shortly by Windows 3.1 in 1992, Taken together, they sell 10 million copies in their first 2 years, making this the most widely used Windows operating system yet. The scale of this success causes Microsoft to revise earlier plans. Virtual Memory improves visual graphics. In 1990 Windows starts to look like the versions to come.

Windows now has significantly better performance, advanced graphics with 16 colors, and improved icons. A new wave of 386 PCs helps drive the popularity of Windows 3.0. With full support for the Intel 386 processor, programs run noticeably faster. Program Manager, File Manager, and Print Manager arrive in Windows 3.0.

Windows software is installed with floppy discs bought in large boxes with heavy instruction manuals.

The popularity of Windows 3.0 grows with the release of a new Windows software development kit (SDK), which helps software developers focus more on writing programs and less on writing device drivers.

Windows is increasingly used at work and home and now includes games like Solitaire, Hearts, and Minesweeper. An advertisement: “Now you can use the incredible power of Windows 3.0 to goof off.”

Windows for Workgroups 3.11 adds peer-to-peer workgroup and domain networking support and, for the first time, PCs become an integral part of the emerging client/server computing evolution.

Windows NT

When Windows NT releases on July 27, 1993, Microsoft meets an important milestone: the completion of a project begun in the late 1980s to build an advanced new operating system from scratch. “Windows NT represents nothing less than a fundamental change in the way that companies can address their business computing requirements,” Bill Gates says at its release.

Unlike Windows 3.1, however, Windows NT 3.1 is a 32-bit operating system, which makes it a strategic business platform that supports high-end engineering and scientific programs.

Geek trivia: The group that develops Windows NT was originally called the “Portable Systems” team.

1995–2001: Windows 95—the PC comes of age (and don’t forget the Internet)

On August 24, 1995, Microsoft releases Windows 95, selling a record-setting 7 million copies in the first five weeks. It’s the most publicized launch Microsoft has ever taken on. Television commercials feature the Rolling Stones singing “Start Me Up” over images of the new Start button. The press release simply begins: “It’s here.”

This is the era of fax/modems, e‑mail, the new online world, and dazzling multimedia games and educational software. Windows 95 has built-in Internet support, dial-up networking, and new Plug and Play capabilities that make it easy to install hardware and software. The 32-bit operating system also offers enhanced multimedia capabilities, more powerful features for mobile computing, and integrated networking.

At the time of the Windows 95 release, the previous Windows and MS‑DOS operating systems are running on about 80 percent of the world’s PCs. Windows 95 is the upgrade to these operating systems. To run Windows 95, you need a PC with a 386DX or higher processor (486 recommended) and at least 4 MB of RAM (8 MB of RAM recommended). Upgrade versions are available for both floppy disk and CD-ROM formats. It’s available in 12 languages.

Windows 95 features the first appearance of the Start menu, taskbar, and minimize, maximize, and close buttons on each window.

Catching the Internet wave

In the early 1990s, tech insiders are talking about the Internet—a network of networks that has the power to connect computers all over the world. In 1995, Bill Gates delivers a memo titled “The Internet Tidal Wave,” and declares the Internet as “the most important development since the advent of the PC.”

In the summer of 1995, the first version of Internet Explorer is released. The browser joins those already vying for space on the World Wide Web.

Geek trivia: In 1996, Microsoft releases Flight Simulator for Windows 95—the first time in its 14-year history that it’s available for Windows.

1998–2000: Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows Me

Windows 98

Released on June 25, 1998, Windows 98 is the first version of Windows designed specifically for consumers. PCs are common at work and home, and Internet cafes where you can get online are popping up. Windows 98 is described as an operating system that “Works Better, Plays Better.”

With Windows 98, you can find information more easily on your PC as well as the Internet. Other improvements include the ability to open and close programs more quickly, and support for reading DVD discs and universal serial bus (USB) devices. Another first appearance is the Quick Launch bar, which lets you run programs without having to browse the Start menu or look for them on the desktop.

Geek trivia: Windows 98 is the last version based on MS‑DOS.

Windows Me

Designed for home computer use, Windows Me offers numerous music, video, and home networking enhancements and reliability improvements compared to previous versions.

First appearances: System Restore, a feature that can roll back your PC software configuration to a date or time before a problem occurred. Windows Movie Maker provides users with the tools to digitally edit, save, and share home videos. And with Microsoft Windows Media Player 7 technologies, you can find, organize, and play digital media.

Geek trivia: Technically speaking, Windows Me was the last Microsoft operating system to be based on the Windows 95 code base. Microsoft announced that all future operating system products would be based on the Windows NT and Windows 2000 kernel.

Windows 2000 Professional

More than just the upgrade to Windows NT Workstation 4.0, Windows 2000 Professional is designed to replace Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT Workstation 4.0 on all business desktops and laptops. Built on top of the proven Windows NT Workstation 4.0 code base, Windows 2000 adds major improvements in reliability, ease of use, Internet compatibility, and support for mobile computing.

Among other improvements, Windows 2000 Professional simplifies hardware installation by adding support for a wide variety of new Plug and Play hardware, including advanced networking and wireless products, USB devices, IEEE 1394 devices, and infrared devices.

Geek trivia: The nightly stress test performed on Windows 2000 during development is the equivalent of three months of run time on up to 1,500 computers.

2001–2005: Windows XP—Stable, usable, and fast

On October 25, 2001, Windows XP is released with a redesigned look and feel that’s centered on usability and a unified Help and Support services center. From the mid-1970s until the release of Windows XP, about 1 billion PCs have been shipped worldwide.

For Microsoft, Windows XP will become one of its best-selling products in the coming years. It’s both fast and stable. Navigating the Start menu, taskbar, and Control Panel are more intuitive. Awareness of computer viruses and hackers increases, but fears are to a certain extent calmed by the online delivery of security updates. Consumers begin to understand warnings about suspicious attachments and viruses. There’s more emphasis on Help and Support.

Windows XP Home Edition offers a clean, simplified visual design that makes frequently used features more accessible. Designed for home use, Windows XP offers such enhancements as the Network Setup Wizard, Windows Media Player, Windows Movie Maker, and enhanced digital photo capabilities.

Windows XP Professional brings the solid foundation of Windows 2000 to the PC desktop, enhancing reliability, security, and performance. With a fresh visual design, Windows XP Professional includes features for business and advanced home computing, including remote desktop support, an encrypting file system, and system restore and advanced networking features. Key enhancements for mobile users include wireless 802.1x networking support, Windows Messenger, and Remote Assistance.

Windows XP has several editions during these years:

Windows XP 64-bit Edition (2001) is the first Microsoft operating system for 64-bit processors designed for working with large amounts of memory and projects such as movie special effects, 3D animations, engineering, and scientific programs.

Windows XP Media Center Edition (2002) is made for home computing and entertainment. You can browse the Internet, watch live television, enjoy digital music and video collections, and watch DVDs.

Windows XP Tablet PC Edition (2002) realizes the vision of pen-based computing. Tablet PCs include a digital pen for handwriting recognition and you can use the mouse or keyboard, too.

Geek trivia: Windows XP is compiled from 45 million lines of code.

2006–2008: Windows Vista—Smart on security

Windows Vista is released in 2006 with the strongest security system yet. User Account Control helps prevent potentially harmful software from making changes to your computer. In Windows Vista Ultimate, BitLocker Drive Encryption provides better data protection for your computer, as laptop sales and security needs increase. Windows Vista also features enhancements to Windows Media Player as more and more people come to see their PCs as central locations for digital media. Here you can watch television, view and send photographs, and edit videos.

Design plays a big role in Windows Vista, and features such as the taskbar and the borders around windows get a brand new look. Search gets new emphasis and helps people find files on their PCs faster. Windows Vista introduces new editions that each have a different mix of features. The redesigned Start button makes its first appearance in Windows Vista.

Geek trivia: More than 1.5 million devices are compatible with Windows Vista at launch.

2009–Today: Windows 7 and counting…

By the late 2000s, the wireless world has arrived. When Windows 7 is released in October 2009, laptops are outselling desktop PCs and it’s common to get online at public wireless hotspots like coffee shops. Wireless networks can be created at the office or at home.

Windows 7 includes many features, such as new ways to work with windows—Snap, Peek, and Shake. Windows Touch makes its debut, enabling you to use your fingers to browse the web, flip through photos, and open files and folders. You can stream music, videos, and photos from your PC to a stereo or TV.

By the fall of 2010, Windows 7 is selling seven copies a second—the fastest-selling operating system in history.

Geek trivia: Windows 7 is evaluated by 8 million beta testers worldwide before it’s released.

What’s next?

Many laptops no longer have a slot for DVDs and some have solid state drives rather than conventional hard disks. Most everything is streamed, saved on flash drives, or saved in the “Cloud”—an online space for sharing files and storage. Windows Live—free programs and services for photos, movies, instant messaging, e‑mail, and social networking—is seamlessly integrated with Windows so that you can keep in touch from your PC, phone, or the web, extending Windows to the Cloud.

Meanwhile, work is underway for the next version of Windows.

Article by Rangga Cipta Diputra

Mobile Operating System (generally known as Mobile OS, mobile software platform or a handheld OS) is software systems that contains programs and also data which controls the system and performance in a handheld electronic product. It provides the same capability to Microsoft windows, Mac pc OS X, and Linux on the desktop computer or laptop but with simpler systems. Commonly, it can be put in on smart phones, Personal Digital Assistances, as well as tablet computers. Below are the typical operating systems used by mobile phones: Android OS made by Google Corporation. It is an open source and Linux-based operating-system and commonly used by a maker of smartphones nowadays including Samsung, HTC, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, LG, Huawei, and many more. The particular variant of this os is the Android 3.2 also known as Honeycomb. BlackBerry OS is a software made by RIM (Research In Motion). It is a closed source and also proprietary so that the vendor doesn’t allow the other developer to get involved in developing the os. For the information, BlackBerry operating system or shortened BB OS is different from the BlackBerry Tablet pc OS for the reason that Blackberry OS was produced exclusively for Blackberry smart phones. The recent variant of this os is going to be OS Blackberry 7. iOS is the operating system| from Apple Inc. which is also a closed source and exclusive. The iOS manufactured by Apple to support only for products produced by Apple e . g . iPhone and iPad. The most up-to-date steady version is the iOS 4.5.3 released in July, 2011. Symbian OS is the system from the Symbian Foundation (open public license). This includes some mobile Symbian OS that doesn’t totally back up each other; S60 3rd edition, S60 5th edition, S80, UIQ, MOAP, and Symbian 3/Anna. These operating systems are still being improved and based on Symbian 3. Windows Phone from Microsoft is also a closed source OS and proprietary. Windows Phone previously known as Windows Mobile and was initially unveiled in February 2010. Any further development of the edition owns a code name of Mango. MeeGo stands out as the operating system of The Linux Foundation (open source, GPL). Meego is actually a joint project between Nokia and Intel, but at a later time ceased by Nokia, and there are just two handsets produced by Nokia which use the Meego OS; Nokia N9 and Nokia N950 (only for the developer). Bada OS of Samsung Electronics (closed source, exclusive) can be utilized only on hardware made by Samsung as well as being just found in the Wave series.