Internet and Technology

Article by V S RANGARAJAN

TECHNOLOGY AND CHECK LIST FOR SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY

TECHNOLOGY

1) Introduction

The usage of the machinery component in the Process of Manufacture of the product ( the stages involved in production of the product ) is the technology

The process of manufacture involves input material, treatment and out material

All the machineries used in the production process according to the process of manufacture is termed as the Plant

In certain manufacturing activity only one process will be carried out using one type of machine and hence that particular manufacturing facility cannot be termed as Plant. The

The people engaged in production use the term Technology for performing the activity of production, people engaged in management use the term Strategy for performing the activity of managing and generally the term Methodology is used by common man. All the terms are the same but differs in the place where it is used

Production activity is achieved by using the combination of Men / Machine components. If no machine component exists in the production activity no technology exists in the production system

2) The term STYLE / FASHION could be compared with TECHNICAL KNOW HOW / TECHNOLOGY

Fashion Designers develop lots of Style designs ( for clothing textiles ) but only very few are tried, accepted by the people, adopted and remains in the market to achieve the status of Fashion. All Styles are not successful to become Fashion in the market

Similarly the Researchers / Consultants / Universities develop lot of Technical Know How’s ( TKH’s ) but only very few are tried, accepted, adopted and practiced by the industry to achieve the status of Technology. All Technical Know How’s are not successful to become Technology to become Industry in the market

3) Stages of Production Activity and the relevance of Technology in the activity

New product development stage

The Researchers of the New Product Development department of the company with the opinion of the Market Researchers develop new products by converting the requirements of the Consumer attributes into Engineering attributes and thus incorporating the same as technological concepts in the proposed product

Design development stage

The Engineers develop designs / prototype model / etc keeping the concepts provided by the Researchers from the Production Manager’s perception engaged in mass production of the product

Project implementation stage

The Project Consultants take all the necessary efforts in implementing the developed design into an industrial project and takes the responsibility till successful trial production is achieved

Production stage

From this stage the Technologists take the responsibility of managing the set up production facility more efficiently and effectively. Hence usage of the term Technology ( application of engineering for production )at this stage will be more relevant and appropriate

4) Automation and Technology

In the Production system if there are no machine component at all ( to identify the deviation, signaling the deviation and rectifying the deviation ) the production system is classified as Non Automatic

In the production system if there are machine component only to partial extent ( to identify the deviation and signaling but not performing the job of rectification ) the production system is classified as Semi Automatic

In the production system if all the activities are carried out using machineries ( to identify the deviation and rectifying the deviation on its own) the production system is classified as Fully Automatic

5) Sources of Technology

The following are the sources for acquiring technology

A)ConsultantsB) Machinery suppliersC) IndustryD) Research OrganisationsE) Financial Institutions and BanksF) IndividualsG) Government organizationsH) Foreign ConsulatesI) Internet

6) Forms of Technology Transfer

A) DrawingsB) Proto typeC) Along with machinesD) Turn Key Assignments of consultants

SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY – CHECK LIST

1) Selecting the right technology

Core features

A) suitability to local condition like water availability, humidity, etcB) should have long lifeC) liked by the customer who gives orderD) less operating costE) easy to operateF) easy to maintainG) should be popular technologyH) resale valueI) higher productivityJ) less cost of manufacture compared to competitorsK) energy savingL) less labourM) raw material saving / yieldN) technology easy to procure / adopt and practiceO) avoid high capital investmentP) ensure superior qualityQ) no effluent problemR) should have scope for both vertical and horizontal marketing / flexible to produceS) familiarity to the employeesT) helps to achieve standardization in production processU) Government policyV) Pace with the industryW) Optimum production capacity of the PlantX) Less space requiredY) Raw material suitabilityZ) Easy dismantling and installingAA) Price of the machine

Associated Features

A) reputed brand of the machine / supplierB) guarantee / warrantee given by the supplierC) turn key arrangement ( installation of machines, trial production and recruitment and selection of employees )D) Annual Maintenance Contract provided by the supplierE) Delivery schedule of the machinesF) Mode of payment, etc

CONCLUSION

Any company which wants to start a manufacturing company has to conduct a Detailed Technology Survey like it conducts a Detailed Market Survey

All the companies are selecting technology after considering feasibility from the production point, from the distribution point, from the user point and from the disposal point

The Technology aspect is important not only for units engaged in Manufacturing industry and it is equally important for Services sector industry also. Managing 7 P’s ( Price, Promotion, Place, Product, People, Process ( technology )and Place attraction is management in Service sector industry will only bring customers

Technology up gradation is a very important process in any industry which should b carried out at regular intervals to keep in pace with the industry. Modernisation of the machines and facilities not only helps the management of the company it also helps the employees of the company by keeping the company healthy ensuring permanent employment to the employees

Hence choosing the right technology for production and maintaining the competitiveness by up grading the Technology are the secret of success in to day’s business

One can discern the following relationships between the Law and Technology: 1. Sometimes technology becomes an inseparable part of the law. In extreme cases, technology itself becomes the law. The use of polygraphs, faxes, telephones, video, audio and computers is an integral part of many laws – etched into them. It is not an artificial co-habitation: the technology is precisely defined in the law and forms a CONDITION within it. In other words: the very spirit and letter of the law is violated (the law is broken) if a certain technology is not employed or not put to correct use. Think about police laboratories, about the O.J. Simpson case, the importance of DNA prints in everything from determining fatherhood to exposing murderers. Think about the admissibility of polygraph tests in a few countries. Think about the polling of members of boards of directors by phone or fax (explicitly required by law in many countries). Think about assisted suicide by administering painkillers (medicines are by far the most sizeable technology in terms of money). Think about security screening by using advances technology (retina imprints, voice recognition). In all these cases, the use of a specific, well defined, technology is not arbitrarily left to the judgement of law enforcement agents and courts. It is not a set of options, a menu to choose from. It is an INTEGRAL, crucial part of the law and, in many instances, it IS the law itself. 2. Technology itself contains embedded laws of all kinds. Consider internet protocols. These are laws which form part and parcel of the process of decentralized data exchange so central to the internet. Even the language used by the technicians implies the legal origin of these protocols: “handshake”, “negotiating”, “protocol”, “agreement” are all legal terms. Standards, protocols, behavioural codes – whether voluntarily adopted or not – are all form of Law. Thus, internet addresses are allocated by a central authority. Netiquette is enforced universally. Special chips and software prevent render certain content inaccessible. The scientific method (a codex) is part of every technological advance. Microchips incorporate in silicone agreements regarding standards. The law becomes a part of the technology and can be deduced simply by studying it in a process known as “reverse engineering”. In stating this, I am making a distinction between lex naturalis and lex populi. All technologies obey the laws of nature – but we, in this discussion, I believe, wish to discuss only the laws of Man. 3. Technology spurs on the law, spawns it, as it were, gives it birth. The reverse process (technology invented to accommodate a law or to facilitate its implementation) is more rare. There are numerous examples. The invention of modern cryptography led to the formation of a host of governmental institutions and to the passing of numerous relevant laws. More recently, microchips which censor certain web content led to proposed legislation (to forcibly embed them in all computing appliances). Sophisticated eavesdropping, wiring and tapping technologies led to laws regulating these activities. Distance learning is transforming the laws of accreditation of academic institutions. Air transport forced health authorities all over the world to revamp their quarantine and epidemiological policies (not to mention the laws related to air travel and aviation). The list is interminable. Once a law is enacted – which reflects the state of the art technology – the roles are reversed and the law gives a boost to technology. Seat belts and airbags were invented first. The law making seat belts (and, in some countries, airbags) mandatory came (much) later. But once the law was enacted, it fostered the formation of whole industries and technological improvements. The Law, it would seem, legitimizes technologies, transforms them into “mainstream” and, thus, into legitimate and immediate concerns of capitalism and capitalists (big business).

Again, the list is dizzying: antibiotics, rocket technology, the internet itself (first developed by the Pentagon), telecommunications, medical computerized scanning – and numerous other technologies – came into real, widespread being following an interaction with the law. I am using the term “interaction” judiciously because there are four types of such encounters between technology and the law:

(a) A positive law which follows a technological advance (a law regarding seat belts after seat belts were invented). Such positive laws are intended either to disseminate the technology or to stifle it.

(b) An intentional legal lacuna intended to encourage a certain technology (for instance, very little legislation pertains to the internet with the express aim of “letting it be”). Deregulation of the airlines industries is another example.

(c) Structural interventions of the law (or law enforcement authorities) in a technology or its implementation. The best examples are the breaking up of AT&T in 1984 and the current anti-trust case against Microsoft. Such structural transformations of monopolists release hitherto monopolized information (for instance, the source codes of software) to the public and increases competition – the mother of invention.

(d) The conscious encouragement, by law, of technological research (research and development). This can be done directly through government grants and consortia, Japan’s MITI being the finest example of this approach. It can also be done indirectly – for instance, by freeing up the capital and labour markets which often leads to the formation of risk or venture capital invested in new technologies. The USA is the most prominent (and, now, emulated) example of this path.

4. A Law that cannot be made known to the citizenry or that cannot be effectively enforced is a “dead letter” – not a law in the vitalist, dynamic sense of the word. For instance, the Laws of Hammurabi (his codex) are still available (through the internet) to all. Yet, do we consider them to be THE or even A Law? We do not and this is because Hammurabi’s codex is both unknown to the citizenry and inapplicable. Hammurabi’s Laws are inapplicable not because they are anachronistic. Islamic law is as anachronistic as Hammurabi’s code – yet it IS applicable and applied in many countries. Applicability is the result of ENFORCEMENT.

In this tough economy, a business owner has to put a lot of effort to do something effective in achieving business goal. Definitely, there are many things to do such as campaigning product by proper method of promotion.  A business usually contains some elements that include human resources and assets. All of them must be in good management in order to help achieve business goal: optimal profit.

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Article by hi joiney

Museum Security Sector in the long struggle with the criminals continue to improve preventive measures, additional material from the first anti-air defense to the development of civil air defense, anti-matter anti-added technology, technology is also on the collection of protection against its constant development. Recalling the museum security Technology Looking to the history of prevention in the “prevention first, combining prevention with control” approach to better improve the function of Museum Security and Protection, to ensure the collection of security. Museum collection with a natural, historical, scientific, cultural and artistic value of the rich collection is a valuable non-renewable resources. Study of its history, outstanding cultural heritage, dissemination of scientific and cultural knowledge, Education The masses, is of great significance and role. It’s fine to attract people to visit and study. Also attracted the attention of lawless greed, they attempt to Theft Collections to achieve their dreams of riches. Therefore, protecting the collection became the responsibility of the museum. Museum Security and Protection is to make criminals away from the collection to collection from the criminals Damage And steal the fight produced and developed. I. Review of Museum Security and Protection (A), in the fight against criminals and produce Been generated from the museum, there are certain evil hands of criminals to stretch their collections. Increase of anti-air defense to protect the museum collection of the early important means. Increase of anti-air defense deficiencies have time and space. In the August 15, 1959 Wu Qinghui thieves sneaked into the compound with high walls, and a very strong force to defend the Palace Museum in Beijing steal, stole the Emperor gold engagement books, ancient coins and artifacts such as Queen’s sword (the perpetrators of that year on November 12th Day reappear). Thus, the Beijing Public Security Bureau on January 25, 1960, will be our first Voice Alarm Alarm , Cleverly installed in the Beijing Palace Museum Treasures from the Museum. The evening of 16 April 1962 8 pm, Sun Guofan sneaked into the National Palace Museum treasures of attempted theft, “Imperial Consort Zhen-Indian” and other artifacts. These priceless treasures do not fall into the hands of criminals. This is because the defense equipment and technology has played a significant role, captured criminals. Established a meritorious defense of David. Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Public Security 1982 First Research Institute, under the anti-theft alarm at the development of technology for the Forbidden City Hall installed a lot of active infrared, passive infrared, microwave, ultrasound, voice and other anti-theft Detector To form a variety of detection means of anti-theft alarm system, burglar alarm to a new level of technology. Since then, the evil hands of criminals repeatedly stretched David, but because of the installed alarm to play a role, watch keeping personnel immediately arrived at the scene and arrested him. This is the anti-theft alarm system Forbidden role, its deterrent effect is even greater. (2), universal and norms 84 years after the security technology to prevent spread in China has entered a stage with the increase, and rapid development. Have various museums, banks, shopping malls, supermarkets, housing estates have gradually established a Security and Protection System, such as the Revolutionary Museum, the Museum of History, Lu Xun Museum, the Capital Museum, Museum of Liaoning, Fujian Museum, Shanghai Museum, Shenzhen Museum, Museum of Chinese technology China Business is OK, the Potala Palace are all established Museum Security and Protection System. The Imperial Palace has established a comprehensive Fireproof Security, preventive security technology television monitoring system. 84 years in particular, the 35th anniversary of National Day to strengthen security work, the establishment of a television monitor in Tiananmen Square project on the work of our security technology has fueled anti-defense role. Since then into the TV monitor technology have anti-theft alarm system and urban traffic control, which improves system functionality. 92 on September 18 took place in Kaifeng large cultural theft, 69 artifacts were stolen, the case named “918,” the case. Offenders forced open the window into the exhibition hall will showcase the top step in with a pre-tested against the anti-technology means more than one passive infrared detector cover, loss of alarm function, so that theft succeed. People have gained a lot of inspiration, noted the importance of prevention perimeter. Meanwhile, in the protection zone and the restricted area with 3 or more detectors with different detection principles to build more lines of defense, at the same time block the function of anti-detectors have appeared, and to promote technological development of intrusion detectors. Security and Protection career development but also in on the civil air defense, physical defense against the organic integration of technical knowledge on the increase. A deeper appreciation of property is the basis for defense, civil air defense is the guarantee against its construction technology platform can play a role, otherwise the advanced security technology to prevent, discover the criminals could not catch him, will still be stolen heritage . Understanding to overcome one-sidedness, but also promoted the cause of security technology to prevent development. With the development of future technology showcase, a showcase alarm uprising is widely used, but also to improve the Museum Security and Protection is an important part. 11 from 98 months to January 2003 on the issuance and implementation of the Security and Protection of national standards and industry standards 9 21. This series of standard security technology for businesses against the project implementation and acceptance have a basis. It is essential to ensure project quality. Among the most perfect ICIF system standard in 1992, the Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Public Security issued the “cultural museums security risk level and level of provision” and the 1996 “Heritage Museum Security and Protection systems engineering design requirements,” they stressed the Museology System Security engineering design should follow the principle of the protective system in depth, the establishment of perimeter to prevent, monitor areas, protection zones and restricted areas. Specification of the Museum Security and Protection System of the building. Since then, the museum security technology to prevent the development has been rapid. In the Zhejiang Museum, Yunnan Museum Museum of perimeter intrusion prevention is to stop and prevent the loss of contributing collections. Current security technology to prevent the country is already very advanced, basic and international connected to the rail. In modern computer technology, automation technology and modern communication technology support, Security and Protection System is a comprehensive computer control system. Anti-theft alarm system, TV monitoring system, sound system, access control systems, and uniform patrol system managed by a computer, indicates that China’s Security and Protection has entered a new stage. (C), from the single plus Crime Prevention Crime Prevention Loss Prevention to the transition In crime prevention, in addition to theft, arson there. Forbidden City built a fire alarm early, television monitor, the Security and Protection System, and now most of the museums have been established fire alarm, television monitor, the Security and Protection System

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Eating is a very common activity which is usually done by all people. Moreover, the activity is one of the ways to fulfill the most basic needs of human which is the need to feed. However, there are some Eating Disorders that might happen to people.

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It is important for business owners to manage every detail about their business, includes the technology usage. The technology can really support your business. It can make your business more popular and you can get more customers. One of the technology parts that useful for your business is the Application Hosting.

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